Impact of modification to DSM-5 criterion A for hypomania/mania in newly diagnosed bipolar patients: findings from the prospective BIO study

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders

Table 3 Logistic regression—prediction of DSM-5 criterion A fulfillment in 373 subjects

Variable	OR	95% CL	p-value
Age (years)
Univariate analysis	0.99	0.97, 1.02	0.65
Sex (Male vs female)
Univariate analysis	0.95	0.53, 1.68	0.86
Multivariate analysis^f	0.79	0.37, 1.67	0.53
No. of visits contributed
Univariate analysis	1.51	1.31, 1.75	< 0.0001
Multivariate analysis^f	1.86	1.52, 2.29	< 0.0001**
Bipolar subtype (BD I vs BD II)
Univariate analysis	1.50	0.85, 2.61	0.16
Multivariate analysis^f	1.64	0.82, 3.27	0.16
Age at onset (years)^a
Univariate analysis	0.97	0.92, 1.01	0.11
Age first hypomanic/manic episode (years)^b
Univariate analysis	0.96	0.92, 0.99	0.03
Multivariate analysis^f	0.99	0.94, 1.04	0.57
Delay in diagnosis (years)^c
Univariate analysis	1.02	0.99, 1.06	0.15
Multivariate analysis^f	1.03	0.98, 1.07	0.25
No. of visits with depressed symptoms
Univariate analysis	1.34	0.99, 1.81	0.06
Multivariate analysis^f	0.78	0.51, 1.19	0.24
Mean modified YMRS total score^d
Univariate analysis	1.38	1.24, 1.52	< 0.0001
Multivariate analysis^f	1.51	1.34, 1.71	< 0.0001**
Number of previous hospitalizations/ admissions
Univariate analysis	0.92	0.74, 1.14	0.44
Education years
Univariate analysis	0.92	0.83, 1,02	0.12
Multivariate analysis^f	0.90	0.78, 1.03	0.13
Family history of BD^e (no vs yes)
Univariate analysis	0.79	0.35, 1.77	0.57
Multivariate analysis^f	0.71	0.26, 1.97	0.52

^aAge at onset: From birthdate to first episode of depression, mania, hypomania or mixed episode
^bAge at first hypomanic/manic episode: From birthdate to first mania, hypomania or mixed episode
^cDelay in diagnosis: From first mania, hypomania or mixed episode to date of BD diagnosed
^dMean of the modified YMRS total score (YMRS total score minus item 1, item 2 and item 5) across patient visits
^eFamily history of BD: Mother, father or sibling with bipolar disorder
^fAdjusted for bipolar subtype, sex, no. of visits contributed, age first hypomanic/manic episode (years), no. of visits with depressed symptoms, mean modified YMRS total score, family history of BD, delay in diagnosis, education years
^**Remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing in the multivariate analysis (p < 0.006)