Table 1 Study specific prevalence of current medication use at time of enrollment in each perspective study followed by fixed effect meta-analysis comparing the prevalence of each medication class in Black versus White individuals with Bipolar I Disorder
From: Racial differences in the major clinical symptom domains of bipolar disorder
Medication | NIMH Bipolar Initiative | Genomic Psychiatry Cohort | Combined | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black (N = 374) | White (N = 2206) | Black (N = 401) | White (N = 1442) | Meta OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
Lithium | 51 (13.6%) | 576 (26.1%) | 42 (10.5%) | 289 (20.0%) | 0.45 (0.35, 0.56) | < .001 |
Valproate | 89 (23.8%) | 476 (21.6%) | 90 (22.4%) | 289 (20.0%) | 1.17 (0.97, 1.41) | .104 |
Lamotrigine | 31 (8.3%) | 580 (26.3%) | 31 (7.7%) | 225 (15.6%) | 0.34 (0.26, 0.44) | < .001 |
Carbamazepine | 12 (3.2%) | 172 (7.8%) | 1 (0.2%) | 41 (2.8%) | 0.37 (0.21, 0.65) | < .001 |
Antipsychotic | 242 (64.7%) | 1186 (53.8%) | 245 (61.1%) | 870 (60.3%) | 1.25 (1.06, 1.47) | .007 |
Antidepressant | 174 (46.5%) | 1224 (55.5%) | 186 (46.4%) | 687 (47.6%) | 0.82 (0.7, 0.96) | .014 |