Articles

Lithium’s antiviral effects: a potential drug for CoViD-19 disease?

Since its introduction in modern medicine, naturalistic observations emerged about possible uses of lithium treatment for conditions different from recurring affective disorders, for which it is still a first-...

Authors: Andrea Murru, Mirko Manchia, Tomas Hajek, René E. Nielsen, Janusz K. Rybakowski, Gabriele Sani, Thomas G. Schulze, Leonardo Tondo and Michael Bauer

Diagnostic stability in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder, a nationwide register-based study

Diagnostic stability of bipolar disorder (BD) in children and adolescents, beyond the first contact has been investigated sparsely. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic stability of BD in ch...

Authors: Mathilde Frahm Laursen, Rasmus W. Licht, Christoph U. Correll, Tobias Kallehauge, Ann-Eva Christensen, Maria Rodrigo-Domingo and René Ernst Nielsen

The effects of vagus nerve stimulation on the course and outcomes of patients with bipolar disorder in a treatment-resistant depressive episode: a 5-year prospective registry

To compare illness characteristics, treatment history, response and durability, and suicidality scores over a 5-year period in patients with treatment-resistant bipolar depression participating in a prospectiv...

Authors: R. Hamish McAllister-Williams, Soraia Sousa, Arun Kumar, Teresa Greco, Mark T. Bunker, Scott T. Aaronson, Charles R. Conway and A. John Rush

Prepubertal bipolar disorder: a diagnostic quandary?

Authors: Gin S. Malhi and Erica Bell

Reflections on: "The diagnosis of bipolar disorder in pre-pubertal children—what was the controversy about and what did we learn as a result?"

It can be argued that the controversy over paediatric bipolar disorder has been useful in highlighting the issue of bipolar disorder in youths generally. Arising out of this controversy is the recognition that...

Authors: Anthony James

Pre-pubertal bipolar disorder: origins and current status of the controversy

Evidence from epidemiological, clinical and high-risk studies has established that the peak period of risk for onset of bipolar disorder spans late adolescence and early adulthood. However, the proposal of the...

Authors: A. Duffy, G. Carlson, B. Dubicka and M. H. J. Hillegers

Cortisol levels in unmedicated patients with unipolar and bipolar major depression using hair and saliva specimens

Differentiating between unipolar and bipolar depression can be clinically challenging, especially at first presentation. Patterns of cortisol secretion could aid diagnostic discrimination in affective disorder...

Authors: Andrés Herane-Vives, Danilo Arnone, Valeria de Angel, Andrew Papadopoulos, Toby Wise, Luis Alameda, Kia-Chong Chua, Allan H. Young and Anthony J. Cleare

Mixed mood states and emotion-related urgency in bipolar spectrum disorders: a call for greater investigation

Authors: Jennie A. Jaggers and June Gruber

Combination of dextromethorphan and memantine in treating bipolar spectrum disorder: a 12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial

The aim of this study is to determine whether adding combination of agents with anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects is more efficacious than mood stabilizer alone in improving clinical symptoms, plasma ...

Authors: Sheng-Yu Lee, Tzu-Yun Wang, Shiou-Lan Chen, Yun-Hsuan Chang, Po-See Chen, San-Yuan Huang, Nian-Sheng Tzeng, Liang-Jen Wang, I-Hui Lee, Kao-Ching Chen, Yen-Kuang Yang, Jau-Shyong Hong and Ru-Band Lu

Role of child maltreatment and gender for bipolar symptoms in young adults

Child maltreatment has been shown to be associated with a wide range of mental disorders, including bipolar disorders. In this 2-year follow-up study, recollections of emotional, physical and sexual abuse were...

Authors: Ida S. Haussleiter, Eva Neumann, Sandra Lorek, Bianca Ueberberg and Georg Juckel

Executive functioning but not IQ or illness severity predicts occupational status in bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is associated with significant functional deficits including occupational functioning. Despite the high rates of unemployment and sick leave in the patient population, only a limited number of...

Authors: Julia Drakopoulos, Timea Sparding, Caitlin Clements, Erik Pålsson and Mikael Landén

The role of environmental stress and DNA methylation in the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder

Stressful life events influence the course of affective disorders, however, the mechanisms by which they bring about phenotypic change are not entirely known.

Authors: Ashley L. Comes, Darina Czamara, Kristina Adorjan, Heike Anderson-Schmidt, Till F. M. Andlauer, Monika Budde, Katrin Gade, Maria Hake, Janos L. Kalman, Sergi Papiol, Daniela Reich-Erkelenz, Farah Klöhn-Saghatolislam, Sabrina K. Schaupp, Eva C. Schulte, Fanny Senner, Georg Juckel…

A comprehensive assessment of personality traits and psychosocial functioning in parents with bipolar disorder and their intimate partners

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) often possess maladaptive traits and present with various difficulties in psychosocial functioning. However, little is known about the intimate partners of adults with bi...

Authors: Lisa Serravalle, Vanessa Iacono, Sheilagh Hodgins and Mark A. Ellenbogen

An integrative analysis of genome-wide association study and regulatory SNP annotation datasets identified candidate genes for bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex mood disorder. The genetic mechanism of BD remains largely unknown.

Authors: Xin Qi, Yan Wen, Ping Li, Chujun Liang, Bolun Cheng, Mei Ma, Shiqiang Cheng, Lu Zhang, Li Liu, Om Prakash Kafle and Feng Zhang

The existential crisis of bipolar II disorder

The issue of categorical vs. dimensional classification of bipolar disorder continues to generate controversy as it has for generations. Despite the evidence that no psychiatric disorder has discrete boundarie...

Authors: Michael Gitlin and Gin S. Malhi

Diagnosing bipolar disorders: ICD-11 and beyond

Authors: Emanuel Severus and Michael Bauer

Bipolar disorders in ICD-11: current status and strengths

The Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines for the ICD-11 Classification of mental and behavioural disorders should soon be finalized. To measure their potential impact, the new proposed definitions o...

Authors: Jules Angst, Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross and Wulf Rössler

Smartphones in mental health: a critical review of background issues, current status and future concerns

There has been increasing interest in the use of smartphone applications (apps) and other consumer technology in mental health care for a number of years. However, the vision of data from apps seamlessly retur...

Authors: Michael Bauer, Tasha Glenn, John Geddes, Michael Gitlin, Paul Grof, Lars V. Kessing, Scott Monteith, Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Emanuel Severus and Peter C. Whybrow

Bipolar depression: a major unsolved challenge

Depression in bipolar disorder (BD) patients presents major clinical challenges. As the predominant psychopathology even in treated BD, depression is associated not only with excess morbidity, but also mortali...

Authors: Ross J. Baldessarini, Gustavo H. Vázquez and Leonardo Tondo

Guides for users and prescribers of lithium

Authors: Janusz K. Rybakowski

Predictors of psychosocial outcome of bipolar disorder: data from the Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network

Impairments in psychosocial functioning have been demonstrated in 30–60% of adults with bipolar disorder (BD). However, the majority of studies investigating the effect of comorbid mental health disorders and ...

Authors: Francis Bennett, Sophie Hodgetts, Andrew Close, Mark Frye, Heinz Grunze, Paul Keck, Ralph Kupka, Susan McElroy, Willem Nolen, Robert Post, Lars Schärer, Trisha Suppes and Aditya N. Sharma

Investigating the relationship between melatonin levels, melatonin system, microbiota composition and bipolar disorder psychopathology across the different phases of the disease

Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania/hypomania alternating with intervals of well-being. The neurobiological underpinnings of BD are still veiled although there ...

Authors: Mirko Manchia, Alessio Squassina, Claudia Pisanu, Donatella Congiu, Mario Garzilli, Beatrice Guiso, Federico Suprani, Pasquale Paribello, Vittoria Pulcinelli, Maria Novella Iaselli, Federica Pinna, Flavia Valtorta, Bernardo Carpiniello and Stefano Comai

C-reactive protein concentration in bipolar disorder: association with genetic variants

Several recent studies have investigated the role of C-reactive protein (CRP) in bipolar disorder (BD), but few studies have directly investigated the interaction between CRP genetic variants and peripheral CRP c...

Authors: Ann-Kristin Evers, Julia Veeh, Rhiannon McNeill, Andreas Reif and Sarah Kittel-Schneider

Association between decreased HDL levels and cognitive deficits in patients with bipolar disorder: a pilot study

Cognitive deficits are common in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Abnormal high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels have been implicated in cognitive deficits associated with ageing and neurodegenerative diso...

Authors: Li Hui, Xiao Li Yin, Jie Chen, Xu Yuan Yin, Hong Liang Zhu, Jin Li, Guang Zhong Yin, Xiao Wen Xu, Xiao Nan Yang, Zheng Kang Qian, Cai Xia Jiang, Zhen Tang, Hai Bing Yang, Eric F. C. Cheung, Raymond C. K. Chan and Qiu Fang Jia

Alterations of perineuronal nets in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of neuropsychiatric patients

Alterations in the structure and physiology of interneurons in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are important factors in the etiopathology of different psychiatric disorders. Among the interneuronal subpopulations,...

Authors: Julia Alcaide, Ramón Guirado, Carlos Crespo, José Miguel Blasco-Ibáñez, Emilio Varea, Julio Sanjuan and Juan Nacher

Short group psychoeducation followed by daily electronic self-monitoring in the long-term treatment of bipolar disorders: a multicenter, rater-blind, randomized controlled trial

Despite various pharmacological and psychological treatment interventions, bipolar disorders rank among the leading causes of global disease burden. Group psychoeducation has been demonstrated an effective add...

Authors: Johannes Petzold, René Mayer-Pelinski, Maximilian Pilhatsch, Susan Luthe, Thomas Barth, Michael Bauer and Emanuel Severus

Investigating the association between anxiety symptoms and mood disorder in high-risk offspring of bipolar parents: a comparison of Joint and Cox models

Anxiety is associated with mood disorders including bipolar disorder. Two statistical modelling frameworks were compared to investigate the longitudinal relationship between repeatedly measured anxiety symptom...

Authors: Ruoxi Dong, George Stefan, Julie Horrocks, Sarah M. Goodday and Anne Duffy

Treatment of bipolar depression with supraphysiologic doses of levothyroxine: a randomized, placebo-controlled study of comorbid anxiety symptoms

Symptoms of anxiety co-occur in a variety of disorders including in depressive episodes of bipolar disorder and in patients with thyrotoxicosis. Treatment of refractory bipolar disorder with supraphysiologic d...

Authors: Maximilian Pilhatsch, Thomas J Stamm, Petra Stahl, Ute Lewitzka, Anne Berghöfer, Cathrin Sauer, Michael Gitlin, Mark A. Frye, Peter C. Whybrow and Michael Bauer

Prospective cohort study of early biosignatures of response to lithium in bipolar-I-disorders: overview of the H2020-funded R-LiNK initiative

Lithium is recommended as a first line treatment for bipolar disorders. However, only 30% of patients show an optimal outcome and variability in lithium response and tolerability is poorly understood. It remai...

Authors: Jan Scott, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Rebecca Strawbridge, Allan Young, Matthieu Resche-Rigon, Bruno Etain, Ole A. Andreassen, Michael Bauer, Djamila Bennabi, Andrew M. Blamire, Fawzi Boumezbeur, Paolo Brambilla, Nadia Cattane, Annamaria Cattaneo, Marie Chupin, Klara Coello…

Trajectories of adherence to mood stabilizers in patients with bipolar disorder

Nonadherence with mood stabilizers is a major problem that negatively impacts the course of bipolar disorder. Medication adherence is a complex individual behavior, and adherence rates often change over time. ...

Authors: M. Bauer, T. Glenn, M. Alda, R. Bauer, P. Grof, W. Marsh, S. Monteith, R. Munoz, N. Rasgon, K. Sagduyu and P. C. Whybrow

Exploring the clinical outcome of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for bipolar and unipolar depressive patients in routine clinical practice: a pilot study

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) has been adopted as an evidence-based treatment for unipolar depressive disorder (UDD). Although MBCT has not been included in the treatment guidelines for bipolar di...

Authors: I. Hanssen, M. I. van Dord, F. R. Compen, D. E. M. Geurts, M. P. J. Schellekens and A. E. M. Speckens

Epigenetic markers in inflammation-related genes associated with mood disorder: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in high-risk offspring of bipolar parents

Bipolar disorder is highly heritable and typically onsets in late adolescence or early adulthood. Evidence suggests that immune activation may be a mediating pathway between genetic predisposition and onset of...

Authors: Anne Duffy, Sarah M. Goodday, Charles Keown-Stoneman, Martina Scotti, Malosree Maitra, Corina Nagy, Julie Horrocks and Gustavo Turecki

Clinical use of lithium salts: guide for users and prescribers

Lithium has been used clinically for 70 years, mainly to treat bipolar disorder. Competing treatments and exaggerated impressions about complexity and risks of lithium treatment have led to its declining use i...

Authors: Leonardo Tondo, Martin Alda, Michael Bauer, Veerle Bergink, Paul Grof, Tomas Hajek, Ute Lewitka, Rasmus W. Licht, Mirko Manchia, Bruno Müller-Oerlinghausen, René E. Nielsen, Marylou Selo, Christian Simhandl and Ross J. Baldessarini

Alec J. Coppen—A pioneering psychiatrist who discovered the pivotal role of serotonin in the pathogenesis of depression as well as the antisuicidal effect of lithium

Authors: Bruno Müller-Oerlinghausen and Mohammed T. Abou-Saleh

Neuropsychological profiles of adult bipolar disorder patients with and without comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common in bipolar disorder and associated with worse outcomes. Cognitive testing might be a tool to identify this group. Here we compare the neuropsy...

Authors: Sara Salarvan, Timea Sparding, Caitlin Clements, Eleonore Rydén and Mikael Landén

Attenuated inflammatory response of monocyte-derived macrophage from patients with BD: a preliminary report

Innate immune system dysfunction has been recognized as an important element in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). We aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the response of macrophage...

Authors: Bruna M. Ascoli, Mariana M. Parisi, Giovana Bristot, Bárbara Antqueviezc, Luiza P. Géa, Rafael Colombo, Flávio Kapczinski, Fátima Theresinha Costa Rodrigues Guma, Elisa Brietzke, Florencia M. Barbé-Tuana and Adriane R. Rosa

Why are somatic diseases in bipolar disorder insufficiently treated?

Somatic diseases, including cardiovascular, respiratory, and cancer diseases, are the main contributors to a shortened life expectancy of 10–20 years in patients with bipolar disorder as compared to the genera...

Authors: René Ernst Nielsen, Pirathiv Kugathasan, Sune Straszek, Svend Eggert Jensen and Rasmus W. Licht

Electroconvulsive therapy electrode placement for bipolar state-related targeted engagement

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for all bipolar states. However, ECT remains underutilized, likely stemming from stigma and the risk of neurocognitive impairment. Neuroimaging researc...

Authors: Christopher C. Abbott, Jeremy Miller, Megan Lloyd and Mauricio Tohen

Intra-individual variability in animal models of bipolar disorder

Authors: Emily R. Hawken, Elisa Brietzke and Claudio N. Soares

Metabolic profile in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder and their unaffected first-degree relatives

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance is twice as high in patients with bipolar disorder compared with the general population, and possibly associated with a disabling illness trajectory ...

Authors: Klara Coello, Maj Vinberg, Filip K. Knop, Bente K. Pedersen, Roger S. McIntyre, Lars V. Kessing and Klaus Munkholm

Controversies in bipolar disorder; role of second-generation antipsychotic for maintenance therapy

In this narrative review, we discuss use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. We compare their use to historically more established treatments (particularly ...

Authors: Sameer Jauhar and Allan H. Young

“What if I get ill?” Perinatal concerns and preparations in primi- and multiparous women with bipolar disorder

Women with bipolar disorder have a high risk of illness relapse postpartum, including psychosis. The aim of the study was to explore how perinatal women with bipolar disorder relate to the risk. What are their...

Authors: Teija M. S. Anke, Kari Slinning and Dag Vegard Skjelstad

Mortality rate trends in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: a nationwide study with 20 years of follow-up

Patients with severe mental illness (SMI) have a reduced life expectancy of one to two decades as compared to the general population, with most years of life lost due to somatic diseases. Most previous studies...

Authors: Line Hosbond Lomholt, Diana Vincens Andersen, Christina Sejrsgaard-Jacobsen, Cagla Margit Øzdemir, Claus Graff, Ole Schjerning, Svend Eggert Jensen, Sune Puggard Vogt Straszek, Rasmus W. Licht, Simon Grøntved and René Ernst Nielsen

Genetic and environmental influences on circulating NK and T cells and their relation to bipolar disorder

In previous studies we found mild deficiencies of circulating T cells in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and children at risk for BD, correlating to a higher inflammatory state. The genetic and environment...

Authors: G. Snijders, R. Brouwer, S. Kemner, F. Bootsman, H. A. Drexhage and M. H. J. Hillegers

Differences in mood instability in patients with bipolar disorder type I and II: a smartphone-based study

Mood instability in bipolar disorder is associated with a risk of relapse. This study investigated differences in mood instability between patients with bipolar disorder type I and type II, which previously ha...

Authors: Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Mads Frost, Jonas Busk, Ellen Margrethe Christensen, Jakob E. Bardram, Maj Vinberg and Lars Vedel Kessing

Rumination related activity in brain networks mediating attentional switching in euthymic bipolar patients

Mood disorder patients have a tendency to be more internally oriented, with difficulties in switching attentional focus, which might result in the generation of negative thoughts, such as rumination. The prese...

Authors: Kallia Apazoglou, Anne-Lise Küng, Paolo Cordera, Jean-Michel Aubry, Alexandre Dayer, Patrik Vuilleumier and Camille Piguet

Show yourself, a short film to show professionals at an admission ward your ‘euthymic being’ during an admission for mania

The progress and recovery of a patient with mania during hospitalization is differently seen by professionals working at an admission ward and by relatives of the patient. Professionals often indicate that the...

Authors: P. J. J. Goossens, T. H. Daggenvoorde, H. G. Groot Lipman, S. Verhaeghe and A. W. M. M. Stevens

Smartphone-based self-monitoring in bipolar disorder: evaluation of usability and feasibility of two systems

The aims of the present multicenter pilot study were to examine the feasibility and usability of two different smartphone-based monitoring systems (the Pulso system and the Trilogis-Monsenso system) from two I...

Authors: Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Emanuale Torri, Jesús Cobo, Daryoush Yazdanyar, Diego Palao, Narcis Cardoner, Olaf Andreatta, Oscar Mayora and Lars Vedel Kessing

Lithium during pregnancy and after delivery: a review

Lithium is an effective treatment in pregnancy and postpartum for the prevention of relapse in bipolar disorder. However, lithium has also been associated with risks during pregnancy for both the mother and th...

Authors: Eline M. P. Poels, Hilmar H. Bijma, Megan Galbally and Veerle Bergink

Antidepressants in bipolar depression: an enduring controversy

The proper place and the optimal use of antidepressants in treating bipolar depression continues to be an area of great interest and greater controversy with passionate opinions more common than good studies. ...

Authors: Michael J. Gitlin