Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the sample
From: Biological rhythm disturbance in remitted bipolar patients
Patients (N= 107) | Control (N= 100) | χ 2 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n(%) | n(%) | |||
Gender (female) | 47 (43.9) | 45 (45) | 0.024 | 0.890 |
Education (highly qualified) | 27 (27.8) | 33 (36.7) | 1.671 | 0.213 |
Employed | 41 (62.1) | 73 (75.3) | 5.673 | 0.225 |
Marital status | ||||
Married | 24 (35.8) | 54 (55.1) | 5.984 | 0.05 |
Living together | 12.732 | 0.005 | ||
Living alone | 11 (16.7) | 14 (14.3) | ||
Living with parents | 21 (31.8) | 11 (11.2) | ||
Living with own family | 28 (42.4) | 65 (66.3) | ||
Others | 6 (9.1) | 8 (8.2) | ||
Bipolar type I | 66 (76.7) | |||
Seasonal pattern | 33 (36.7) | |||
Psychotic symptoms | 61 (64.2) | |||
Drug use disorder | 83 (77.6) | |||
Lifetime events | 53 (59.6) | |||
Family history of psychiatric disorders | 66 (71) | |||
Family history of affective disorders | 54 (59.3) | |||
Axis I comorbidity | 39 (36.4) | |||
Axis II comorbidity | 41 (38.3) | |||
Medications | ||||
Mood stabilizers | 84 (77.1%) | |||
Antipsychotics | 68 (62.4%) | |||
Antidepressants | 22 (20.2%) | |||
Benzodiazepines | 25 (22.9%) |