Patterns of response to aripiprazole, lithium, haloperidol, and placebo across factor scores of mania

Table 2 Factors of bipolar mania identified from aripiprazole studies (Swann et al. 2013b )

Factors	Scale	Item
(Total % variance)	Scale	Item
Factor 1: depression (21.3%)	MADRS	Reported sadness
	MADRS	Apparent sadness
	MADRS	Inner tension
	MADRS	Reduced appetite
	MADRS	Lassitude
	MADRS	Inability to feel
	MADRS	Pessimistic thoughts
	MADRS	Suicidal thoughts
Factor 2: mania (12.0%)	MADRS	Concentration difficulties
	YMRS	Elevated mood
	YMRS	Increased motor activity
	YMRS	Speech
	YMRS	Language
	YMRS	Content
Factor 3: sleep disturbance (7.5%)	MADRS	Reduced sleep
Factor 3: sleep disturbance (7.5%)	YMRS	Sleep
Factor 4: judgment/impulsivity (6.7%)	YMRS	Sexual interest
	YMRS	Appearance
	YMRS	Insight
Factor 5: irritability/hostility (5.8%)	YMRS	Irritability
Factor 5: irritability/hostility (5.8%)	YMRS	Disruptive, aggressive behavior

All items with factor loading ≥0.4 are shown.
MADRS, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.