Measure | Bipolar patients | Healthy controls | Statistics | df | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Â | n | Â | ||||
Agea, M (SD) | 29 | 47.8 (13.6) | 29 | 40.8 (12.7) | t = 2.009 | 55.73 | .049 |
Years of education, M (SD) | 29 | 15.0 (2.4) | 29 | 14.8 (2.8) | t = 1.215 t y = 1.222 | 55.12 34.27 | .230 .230 |
Gender, male/female ratio | 29 | 16/13 | 29 | 10/19 | χ 2 = 1.743 |  | .187 |
BDI score, M (SD) | 29 | 10.9 (8.9) | 29 | 3.6 (3.9) | t = 4.001 t y = 3.077 | 36.96 21.57 | <.001 .006 |
ASRM score, M (SD) | 29 | 2.3 (2.6) | Â | ||||
HAMD score, M (SD) | 29 | 5.7 (2.8) | |||||
YMRS score, M (SD) | 29 | 1.5 (2.2) | |||||
Bipolar disorder type I, n (%) | 29 | 15 (52) | |||||
History of psychotic symptoms, n (%) | 29 | 10 (34) | |||||
Psychiatric medication, n (%) | 29 | Â | |||||
 Mood stabilizers |  | 29 (100) | |||||
 Antipsychotics |  | 3 (10) | |||||
 Antidepressants |  | 13 (45) | |||||
 Anxiolytics |  | 3 (10) | |||||
 Hypnotics |  | 1 (3) | |||||
Illness durationa in years, M (SD) | 29 | 22.6 (11.2) | |||||
Number of depressive episodes, M (SD) | 29 | 12.8 (7.5) | |||||
Number of (hypo)manic episodes, M (SD) | 29 | 8.8 (6.4) |