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International Journal of Bipolar Disorders

Table 2 Comparison of demographic data and clinical course between good responders and moderate/poor responders (N = 80)

From: Long-term response to mood stabilizer treatment and its clinical correlates in patients with bipolar disorders: a retrospective observational study

Variables

Good responders (N = 27)

Moderate/poor responders (N = 53)

Group difference

Statistics

p value

Sex, male, N (%)

10 (37.0)

13 (24.5)

χ 2 = 1.366

0.299

Age at study entry, years, mean (SD)

37.0 (9.1)

34.5 (7.3)

t = −1.368

0.175

Age at onset, years, mean (SD)a

24.9 (8.7)

23.3 (6.3)

t = −0.789

0.435

Duration of illness until using the index mood stabilizer, years, mean (SD)

6.07 (4.2)

5.42 (5.5)

t = −0.551

0.583

Diagnosis, BD-I, N (%)

21 (77.8)

44 (83.0)

χ 2 = 0.323

0.570

Index medication, N (%)

  

FE

0.143

 Lithium

6 (22.2)

13 (24.5)

  

 Valproate

20 (74.1)

30 (56.6)

  

 Both lithium and valproate

1 (3.7)

10 (18.9)

  

Duration of index mood stabilizer treatment, months, mean (SD)

73.0 (36.4)

71.0 (33.1)

t = −0.249

0.804

Polarity at the first episode, (hypo)manic, N (%)

13 (48.2)

28 (52.8)

χ 2 = 0.157

0.692

Predominant polaritya

  

χ 2 = 0.161

0.922

 Manic predominant

8 (32.0)

18 (35.3)

  

 Depressive predominant

5 (20.0)

11 (21.6)

  

 Undetermined

12 (48.0)

22 (43.1)

  

Number of episodes before using index mood stabilizer, mean (SD)

 Major depressive episodes

1.4 (1.1)

1.2 (1.3)

t = −0.630

0.531

 Manic episodesb

1.3 (1.2)

0.9 (0.8)

t = −1.284

0.207

 Hypomanicb

0.4 (0.8)

0.1 (0.3)

t = −1.994

0.056

 Mixed episodesb

0.12 (0.3)

0.5 (1.2)

t = 2.278

0.026

Family history of psychiatric disorders, N (%)c

16 (59.3)

32 (60.4)

χ 2 = 0.009

0.923

Family history of mood disorders, N (%)d

8 (29.6)

20 (37.7)

χ 2 = 0.517

0.472

Number of hospitalization before using index mood stabilizer treatment, mean (SD)

1.4 (1.2)

1.6 (1.2)

t = 1.849

0.622

Current smoker, N (%)

5 (20.8)

8 (21.6)

χ 2 = 0.005

0.941

CGI-BPe, severity of overall bipolar illness

1.6 (0.8)

3.2 (0.9)

t = 7.876

0.000

  1. BD-I bipolar I disorder, FE Fisher’s exact test, SD standard deviation
  2. a N = 76
  3. bEqual variance not assumed
  4. cEvaluated in second-degree relatives
  5. dEvaluated in second-degree relatives, including those with major depressive disorders and bipolar disorders
  6. eClinical global impressions scale for use in bipolar illness
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