Combination of dextromethorphan and memantine in treating bipolar spectrum disorder: a 12-week double-blind randomized clinical trial

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders

Table 1 Characteristics of the BD-II patients in different treatment groups at baseline

Treatment groups	DM30	MM5	DM30 + MM5	Placebo	F or χ²	P-value
Treatment groups	(n = 69)	(n = 66)	(n = 66)	(n = 69)	F or χ²	P-value
Age (years)	36.3 ± 13.3	37.4 ± 14.0	35.7 ± 13.2	35.2 ± 13.8	0.32	0.81
Gender (M/F)	34/35	27/39	22/44	34/35	4.83	0.19
Age at onset (years)	15.4 ± 5.0	14.8 ± 5.0	14.9 ± 4.3	13.6 ± 2.8	1.79	0.15
HDRS	15.3 ± 4.2	15.8 ± 4.2	15.9 ± 3.8	15.2 ± 3.7	0.51	0.68
YMRS	13.1 ± 3.2	13.5 ± 2.9	13.5 ± 3.4	13.6 ± 2.8	0.34	0.80
TNF-α (pg/ml)	1.7 ± 1.3	2.1 ± 1.8	1.8 ± 1.3	1.9 ± 1.6	0.88	0.45
CRP (ng/ml)	1658.4 ± 1346.6	1635.4 ± 1237.1	1814.5 ± 1489.6	1878.0.5 ± 1525.0	0.47	0.70
BDNF (ng/ml)	12.6 ± 7.3	12.6 ± 6.9	12.1 ± 6.3	14.0 ± 6.6	0.90	0.44
TC (mg/dl)	179.8 ± 44.9	172.5 ± 29.9	182.0 ± 39.9	180.9 ± 39.8	0.71	0.50
HDL-C (mg/dl)	55.9 ± 15.2	57.5 ± 16.6	59.4 ± 12.7	55.0 ± 17.9	1.00	0.40
LDL-C (mg/dl)	117.4 ± 33.4	109.0 ± 28.0	117.5 ± 36.5	114.2 ± 31.4	0.97	0.41
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	106.0 ± 68.5	94.6 ± 51.2	91.8 ± 44.1	119.6 ± 86.4	1.84	0.14
FBS (mg/dl)	96.1 ± 37.7	88.8 ± 9.6	88.2 ± 13.7	92.7 ± 22.5	1.60	0.19

All data are mean ± SD unless otherwise stipulated
SD standard deviation, HDRS 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor α, CRP C-reactive protein, BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, DM30 dextromethorphan (30 mg/day), MM5 memantine (5 mg/day), DM30 + MM5 dextromethorphan (30 mg/day) combined with memantine (5 mg/day), FBS fasting blood sugar