Table 4 Studies that investigated reappraisal in risk groups
From: Deficits in explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder: a systematic review
Study | Age | Medication | Paradigm | Dependent variables | Results behavioral | Results neural |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heissler et al. (2014) | Young adults | No | Task: Picture viewing task Valence: Negative, positive Participants: High HPS scores (n = 22) HC (n = 24) | Behavioral: Self-report during and after the task Neural: fMRI Regions of interest: Emotions reactivity: Amygdala, subgenual ACC, VMPFC, occipital and ventral temporal cortices, thalamus; Emotion regulation: OFC, DLPFC, DMPFC, dACC, parietal cortex, precuneus | Rating after the experiment: Arousal: Risk group > HC Viewing condition: NS Reappraisal: NS | Viewing: Negative vs. neutral: Right Amygdala: Risk group > HC Positive vs. neutral: NS Reappraisal vs. viewing: Negative: Right Amygdala: Risk group > HC Positive: NS |
Kanske et al. (2015) | Adults | No | Task: Picture viewing task Valence: Negative, positive Participants: FDR (n = 17) HC (n = 17) | Behavioral: Self-report during and after the task Neural: fMRI, PPI Regions of interest: Bilateral OFC, dorsolateral (DLPFC, middle frontal) and dorsomedial prefrontal (DMPFC, superior medial), anterior cingulate (ACC), and parietal cortex (inferior, superior) PPI seed: Amygdala PPI targets: OFC, dorsolateral (DLPFC, middle frontal) and dorsomedial prefrontal (DMPFC, superior medial), anterior cingulate (ACC) and parietal cortex (inferior, superior) | Rating after the experiment: Risk group > HC (all pictures more positive) Viewing: Positive: Risk group < HC Negative: NS Reappraisal: Risk group < HC | Viewing: NS Reappraisal vs. viewing: Amygdala: Risk group > HC PPI: Left amygdala/bilateral OFC: HC, negative connectivity; Risk group, positive connectivity Right amygdala/right OFC: HC, negative connectivity; Risk group, positive connectivity |
Ajaya et al. (2016) | Young adults | No | Task: Videogame task Valence: Negative Participants: Undergraduates (n = 66) | Behavioral: self-reported affect, facial expressions Psychophysiology: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) | Higher HPS scores increased RSA during ER (only in the deliberated reappraisal condition) | X |