From: Deficits in explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder: a systematic review
Study | Age | Medication use | Paradigm | Dependent variables | Results behavioral | Results neural |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rive et al. (2015) | Adults | No | Task: Picture viewing task Valence: Negative, positive Participants: BD-I/BD-II, currently depressed (n = 9) BD-I/BD-II, remitted (n = 26) HC (n = 36) | Behavioral: Self-report Neural: fMRI Regions of interest: Amygdala, thalamus, insula, DLPFC, ACC, medial PFC, and hippocampus | ER success in depressed groups: Happy: UDd < HC BDd vs. HC: n.s. differences Happy vs. sad: BDd: happy > sad HC: happy vs. sad: NS | Depressive state: Reappraisal of happiness vs. reappraisal of sadness: rACC: BDd > UDd |
Morris et al. (2012) | Adults | Yes | Task: Picture viewing task Valence: Negative Participants: BD-I (n = 13) (six BD patients met criteria for euthymia and five met criteria for hypomania) HC (n = 15) | Behavioral: Self-report Neural: fMRI Regions of interest: Amygdala, cortico-lymbic areas with activity during ER Coupling seed: Amygdala Coupling targets: Whole brain | Self-report of emotions: HC: Increase > Maintain > Decrease BD: Increase > Maintain BD: Maintain v.s. Decrease: NS | Down regulation: Right VLPFC: BD > HC Up regulation: Right VLPFC: BD > HC Rostral ACC: BD > HC Inverse coupling of left PFC (especially left IFG) and amygdala found in HC did not occur in BD |