Affective lability as a prospective predictor of subsequent bipolar disorder diagnosis: a systematic review

Taylor, Rosie H.; Ulrichsen, Andrea; Young, Allan H.; Strawbridge, Rebecca

doi:10.1186/s40345-021-00237-1

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders

Table 1 Study and participant characteristics at baseline

From: Affective lability as a prospective predictor of subsequent bipolar disorder diagnosis: a systematic review

Article	Location	Clinical Status	Age	N	Sex	Recruitment Method	Affective Lability measure	Affective Lability assessment tool	Ascertainment of affective lability
Akiskal et al. 1995	US	MDD	17 +	NR	NR	Sub-population from larger depression study	Mood Lability	GZTS (emotional stability) + MMPI (neuroticism) combined	Self-report
Angst et al. 2003	Switzer-land	Non-clinical	Range = 19–20 Mean = 20	591	F = 51%	Community cohort study	Emotional & vegetative lability	SCl-90-R	Self-report
DeGeorge et al. 2014*	US	At-risk, clinical, non-clinical	Mean = 20 SD = 2	123	F = 69%	Introductory Psychology course	Cyclothymic/irritable temperament	TEMPS-A	Self-report
Sperry et al. 2020*	US	At-risk, clinical, non-clinical	Mean = 20 SD = 2	101	F = 69%	Introductory Psychology course	Emotion dynamics (positive & negative affect)	ESM for PA and NA
Egeland et al. 2012	US	At-risk offspring & non-clinical	Most < 14	221	F = 51%	Sub-population from larger study (CARE)	Mood Lability	Interview developed by expert panel	Clinician
Gan et al. 2011	China	MDD	NR	344	F = 62%	Hospital archive records, outpatient clinical records	Diurnal variation in mood	Clinical assessments	Self-report
Hafeman et al., 2017	US	Non-clinical BD offspring	Range = 6–18 Mean = 12 SD = 4	480	NR	Advertisement, research studies, outpatient clinics	Affective Lability	CALS	Self-report
Kochman et al. 2005	France	MDD	Mean = 13 SD = 3	109	NR	Child inpatient admissions	Cyclothymic-hypersensitive temperament	Adapted TEMPS-A cyclothymic scale	Self-report
Ratheesh et al. 2015	Australia	MDD, anxiety, SUD, ADD	Range = 15–25 Mean = 20 SD = 3	70	F = 85%	At-risk youth seeking mental health support	Cyclothymic temperament	TEMPS-A	Self-report
Salvatore et al. 2013	Italy, US	MDDP	Range = 10–82 Mean = 35 SD = 16	500	F = 45%	Psychiatric inpatients	Affective or psychomotor instability	AMDP and BSABS	Trained evaluator assessments
Tohen et al. 2012	US	MDDP	Range = 18–72 Mean = 36 SD = 15	56	F = 50%	Inpatient unit	Mood lability	AMDP + BABS	Research assistant

US United states, MDD major depressive disorder, NR not reported, GZTS Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, MMPI-N The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, for Neuroticism, F female, M male, SCl-90-R Symptom Checklist-90-R, SD standard deviation, TEMPS-A Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Auto-questionnaire, ESM experience sampling method, PA positive affect, NA negative affect, CARE prospective Children and Adolescent Research Evaluation study, SCID Structured clinical interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, BD bipolar disorder, CALS Children’s Affective Lability Scale, SUD substance use disorder, ADD attention deficit disorder, MDDP MDD with psychosis, AMDP Manual for the Assessment and Documentation of Psychopathology, BSABS/BABS Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms
^*Sperry et al. 2020 and DeGeorge et al. 2014 are two papers from the same study. Although analyses were conducted for participants without BD at baseline, participant sex and age averages were not provided for the subgroup considered in this review (we report averages from the total sample, which are expected to be comparable)

Back to article page