| |
Total
|
Lithium
|
Non-lithium
|
p value
|
|---|
| |
(n= 51)
|
(n= 23)
|
(n= 28)
| |
|---|
|
Age (years), mean ± SD
|
46.57 ± 9.21
|
48.48 ± 8.98
|
45 ± 9.26
|
0.18
|
|
Gender (male/female)
|
31/20
|
14/9
|
17/11
|
1
|
|
Bipolar (I/II)
|
33/18
|
12/11
|
21/7
|
0.14
|
|
Age at onset (years), mean ± SD
|
25.14 ± 11.24
|
24.43 ± 10.86
|
25.71 ± 11.71
|
0.69
|
|
Number depressive episodes (mean ± SD)
|
12.98 ± 15,79
|
10.55 ± 11,69
|
15.04 ± 18.56
|
0.31
|
|
Number mania/hypomania (mean ± SD)
|
8.87 ± 11.78
|
6.62 ± 9.11
|
10.76 ± 13.53
|
0.22
|
|
Number of drugs (mean ± SD)
|
2.41 ± 1.22
|
2.57 ± 1.20
|
2.29 ± 1.24
|
0.42
|
|
Rapid cycling (no/yes)
|
46/5
|
22/1
|
24/4
|
0.35
|
|
HAMD (mean ± SD)
|
6.39 ± 5.05
|
4.61 ± 3.13
|
7.86 ± 5.86
|
0.02
|
|
BDI (mean ± SD)
|
32 ± 8.84a
|
29.39 ± 5.66
|
33.50 ± 10.93a
|
0.09
|
|
YMRS (mean ± SD)
|
2.10 ± 2,56
|
2.04 ± 2,01
|
2.14 ± 2.98
|
0.88
|
-
aOne missing value. HAMD, Hamilton depression scale; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale.
