Table 3 Summary of findings for the FEM acute studies

Executive function

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test

Perseverative errors (%)

48

12.4 (10.7)

21

19.2 (12.2)

0.01^a,b

0.59^e

Fleck et al. (2008)

Perseverative responses (n)

48

14.8 (18.9)

21

28.3 (22.6)

0.01^a,b

0.65^e

Non-perseverative errors (n)

48

13.1 (14.8)

21

19.5 (13.8)

0.001^a,b

0.43^e

Unique errors (n)

48

1.8 (5.3)

21

4.9 (8.6)

0.001^a,b

0.47^e

Failure to maintain set (n)

48

0.6 (0.9)

21

0.5 (1.0)

0.32^a

0.13^e

Stop signal design

Targets, correct (%)

16

50 (12)

16

44 (20)

0.13^c

NR

Strakowski et al. (2008)

Stops, correct (%)

16

89 (9)

16

91 (7)

0.25^c

NR

Discriminability

16

0.85 (0.04)

16

0.87 (0.06)

0.27^c

NR

Bias

16

0.14 (0.03)

16

0.11 (0.05)

0.17^c

NR

Target, RT (ms)

16

580 (10)

16

575 (36)

0.57^c

NR

Controlled Oral Word Association Test

FAS

30

39.57 (11.07)

19

38.52 (10.95)

>0.05^d

NR

Lebowitz et al. (2001)

Animal category

30

19.71 (3.69)

19

18.43 (3.63)

>0.05^d

NR