Fig. 5

Change from baseline in YMRS Total score by treatment group in BD-I mania. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus placebo, t test. Anxiety was defined as a PANSS anxiety item score of ≥3 at baseline. Irritability was defined as a YMRS irritability item score of
≥4 at baseline. Agitation was defined as a YMRS increased motor activity–energy item score of ≥3 at baseline. Severe AIA was defined as meeting the above criteria for all three AIA symptoms. Patients missing a value for the corresponding symptom at baseline were not included in the analysis. AIA, anxiety, irritability, and agitation; BD-I, bipolar I disorder; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; SE, standard error; YMRS, Young Mania Rating Scale. a Patients with anxiety at baseline, b patients without anxiety at baseline, and c patients with severe AIA at baseline