Table 2 Overview of main instruments and assessment waves

Core instruments for early recognition of bipolar disorders

 Early Phase Inventory for bipolar disorders [EPIbipolar (Leopold et al. 2012)]

IR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

 Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale—Full Prospective [BPSS-FP (Correll et al. 2014b)]

IR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

 Bipolar at-risk Criteria [BAR-Criteria (Bechdolf et al. 2012)]

IR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

Patient history and mental disorders (DSM, ICD)

 Case Report Form (CRF): study tailored questions on family history of BD, age, sex, marital status, family of origin, housing situation, level of education, employment status and nationality

IR

x

x

x

 Patient history

IR

x

x

x

x

x

 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders [SCID-I (Wittchen et al. 1997)]

IR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

 SCID-II Screening, in case of positive screening Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis II Personality Disorders [SCID-II (Wittchen et al. 1997)]

IR

x

 Telephone interview, study tailored questions on symptoms of BD

IR

x

x

x

Further instruments for the assessment depressive and manic symptoms

 Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Clinician [IDS-C (Drieling et al. 2007)]

IR

x

 Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology [QIDS-SR16 (Roniger et al. 2015)]

SR

x

 Young Mania Rating Scale [YMRS (Mühlbacher et al. 2011)]

IR

x

 Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale [ASRM (Bernhard and Meyer 2011; Altman et al. 1997)]

SR

x

Psychotic features

 PQ-16 Screening, in case of ≥ 6 points: Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndroms, German Version [SOPS (Miller et al. 2003)], Schizophrenia Proneness Interview—Adult version [SPI-A (Schultze-Lutter et al. 2012)]

IR

x

Temperament

 Barratt Impulsiveness Scale [BIS (Preuss et al. 2008)]

SR

x

 Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego—Autoquestionnaire short version [TEMPS-A (Victor et al. 2006)]

SR

x

 Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Activation System [BIS/BAS (Strobel et al. 2001)]

SR

x

Creativity

 Barron Welsh Art Scale [BWAS (Welsh and Barron 1949)]

SR

x

 Creative Achievement Questionnaire [CAQ (Carson et al. 2005)]

SR

x

Life events and stress

 Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ (Wingenfeld et al. 2010)] and previous life events (study tailored)

SR

x

 Modified Life Events Questionnaire [MLEQ (McLean et al. 2014)]

SR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

 Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress [TICS (Schulz et al. 2004)]

SR

x

Psychosocial functioning and quality of life

 Functioning Assessment Short Test [FAST (Riegler et al. 2017; Rosa et al. 2007)]

IR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

 Global Assessment of Functioning Scale [GAF (Hall 1995)]

IR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

 World Health Organization Quality of Life [WHOQOL-BREF (Angermeyer et al. 2000)]

SR

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

x

(x)^a

Resources and resilience

 Questionnaire for resources and self-management skills [FERUS (Jack 2004)]

SR

x